Supplementing cows’ feed with probiotics or eubiotics

The practice of adding probiotics or eubiotics to cattle feed reduces methane emissions by altering the rumen flora, without adversely affecting productivity. The potential for reducing methane emissions is 15–20%, which corresponds to a reduction of 373.65–498.2 kg CO₂ eq./head/year. Implementation requires an increase in feed costs of approximately 9%, but is technically straightforward to implement.