El sector avícola es el segundo mayor productor mundial de carne y en España uno de los de mayor crecimiento en los últimos años, ocupando el 4º lugar en producción de huevos a nivel europeo por detrás de Alemania, Francia e Italia. Esta actividad genera graves problemas medioambientales, ya que supone el 8% de las emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero procedentes del sector ganadero a nivel mundial. El sector avícola en España produce más de 12 millones de deyecciones al año, residuos que si no son almacenados y eliminados correctamente pueden llevar a la contaminación de suelos y acuíferos, lo que implica un coste adicional y contratación de terceros para su correcto manejo. El gran incremento de los costes energéticos para un sector altamente dependiente, y a que requiere de altos consumos de energía para garantizar el máximo confort térmico, de luminosidad y calidad de aire para las aves, y las crecientes importaciones de carne de pollo al mercado de la UE procedentes de países donde los costes de producción son más bajos, supone un gran reto para los granjeros para mantener sus escasos márgenes de rentabilidad.
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Agricultural run-off and subsurface drainage tiles transport a significant amount of nitrogen and phosphorus leached after fertilization. alchemia-nova GmbH in collaboration with University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna developed two multi-layer vertical filter systems to address the agricultural run-off issue, which has been installed on the slope of an agricultural field in Mistelbach, Austria. While another multi-layer addressing subsurface drainage water is implemented in Gleisdorf, Austria. The goal is to develop a drainage filter system to retain water and nutrients. Both multi-layer filter systems contain biochar and other substrates with adsorption properties of nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus). The filter system can be of practical use if an excess of nutrients being washed out is of concern in the fields of the practitioner by keeping the surrounding waters clean. This approach may result in economic value by re-using the saturated biochar as fertilizer and improving the soil structure, thus increasing long-term soil fertility. Link: https://wateragri.eu/a-bio-inspired-multilayer-drainage-system/
This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under Grant Agreement No 858735This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under Grant Agreement No 858735. FACTSHEET NANOCELLULOSE MEMBRANES FOR NUTRIENT RECOVERY Key information Functionalized nanocellulose membranes can take up nitrate and phosphate. These membranes can be put in a water treatment unit. As the membranes are biobased, degradable materials, they can after use be added to the soil, thus returning the leached nutrients back for their original purpose providing fertilizers (nutrient recycling).
Because variables such as temperature and humidity have a profound effect on the activity of crop pests, diseases and natural enemies, the ability to monitor environmental conditions within a crop has always been important for crop protection.