Sulfoxaflor and *C. bombi* effects on bumblebee olfactory learning

Sulfoxaflor and *Crypiidia bombi* do not significantly impair olfactory learning in buff-tailed bumblebees (*Bombus terrestris*) under acute exposure, but combined treatment reduces responsiveness by 30%. A 2022 European study using a modified proboscis extension reflex assay on 164 bees found no significant effects on learning level or speed from either stressor individually or together. *C. bombi* showed the highest exclusion rate, indicating acute health impacts. Limited sample size may have obscured sublethal effects. Data archived at Dryad. Methodology supports future research on chronic exposure and visual learning.