Codling moth biological control in organic apple and pear orchards

Beneficial arthropods including parasitoids, spiders, carabid beetles, birds, and bats are essential for controlling codling moth in organic apple and pear orchards. Key practices involve reducing broad-spectrum pesticides, limiting soil disturbance, maintaining weed cover, establishing flower strips, restoring hedges, and installing bat boxes and bird nests at ~10 per hectare. These strategies support natural pest control and are part of the BIOFRUITNET project, published in 2022 by GRAB (France), available in English, French, German (Switzerland), and Latvian.