Review limiting factors before additional fertiliser application

Before applying fertiliser, assess underlying issues like drought, waterlogging, soil compaction, pests, disease, pH imbalance, or poor root development. These can mimic nutrient deficiencies and limit uptake even when nutrients are present. Use soil testing, slake tests, plant tissue analysis, and field inspections (e.g. Spade Test, penetrometer) to diagnose causes. Review weather, irrigation, and management practices. Consult an agronomist for complex cases. Addressing root causes improves fertiliser efficiency, reduces costs and environmental impact, and supports sustainable yields. Tools like NMP software, crop N sensors, and real-time plant analysis enable precise, in-season fertiliser application.