On-off grazing: Cost-benefit analysis and environmental impact

This document presents a cost-benefit analysis of transitioning to an agroecological on-off grazing system on an Irish dairy farm, supported by EU funding. It evaluates investment and ongoing costs across infrastructure, machinery, advisory services, and certification. Key benefits include significant reductions in fertiliser, pesticide, and feed use, improved nitrogen cycling, and moderate soil regeneration. Payback is projected over a mid-term horizon. Environmental gains are high, while economic and social impacts—such as product value or agri-environmental payments—remain unclear. Supporting resources cover off-farm winter housing, grazing in wet conditions, and related practices.