Spanish Bioeconomy: GDP, Employment, and Biomass Flows

Spain's bioeconomy contributes 6–7% to GDP and 9% to employment, with €69 billion in value added and 1.44 million jobs. Driven by food, beverages, tobacco, and agriculture, it accounts for 55.8% and 23.5% of turnover respectively. Forests and agricultural land cover 50.1% and 47.1% of land, supporting feedstock for pulp, paper, and wood products. Employment is concentrated in agriculture (49.6%) and food/beverages/tobacco (31.7%). Key policies include the 2015 National Bioeconomy Strategy, Spain Circular 2030, and the NECP with biogas and hydrogen roadmaps. EU biomass flows total 597.7 Mtoe, with 52.9 Mtoe used for biofuels and 53.9 Mtoe as feedstock.