Mowing is most common agroecological weed control in Atlantic Spain vineyards

Mowing is the most commonly used agroecological weed control method in Atlantic Region vineyards, reported by 82% of farmers and stakeholders. Tillage (68%) and cover cropping (42%) are also widely adopted. Inert and living mulching, as well as mechanical and hand weeding, are established practices. Bioherbicides and thermal control are underused but recommended for future integration. Spontaneous weed cover and multi-species cover cropping are seen as promising strategies. Knowledge gaps and lack of training hinder broader adoption. Funded by the European Union’s Horizon Europe programme (Grant Agreement No. 10105464).