Certification 5: CO2 Emissions by Winery Category

This study examines greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions across wineries, categorizing them into six distinct sources. Direct emissions (Category 1) account for 64% of total emissions, making them the largest contributor. Indirect emissions from purchased products (Category 4) are the second-largest source. Categories 2 and 3 contribute 3% and 1% respectively, while Categories 5 and 6 were excluded due to perceived insignificance. Emissions range from 2.48 to 62.33 tCO2eq, with an average of 22.44 tCO2eq. Findings vary by company, with some showing Category 4 as the primary emission source. The study supports sustainability efforts under the PROINOS initiative and is funded by the European Union via EU-FarmBook.