Conversion period for organic farming: duration and requirements

The conversion period is a mandatory phase in organic farming certification, during which farms must implement organic practices before marketing products with the organic label. It begins on the date of the first notification in the control system and lasts two years for annual crops and pastures, three years for permanent crops, and six to twelve months for animals, depending on category. Strawberries are classified as annual crops, while blueberries, raspberries, gooseberries, and blackberries are considered permanent. The control body may shorten the period upon request and regional approval if specific conditions were met previously. This phase is essential for developing organic farming expertise, restructuring the farm, and allowing soil to regenerate by eliminating chemical residues. The goal is to establish a self-sustaining, fertile agricultural system that operates without synthetic fertilizers and pesticides. Applicable globally, it impacts soil management and cultivation techniques.