parasite control in equine environments: hygiene and management

Environmental sanitation and pasture management are critical for reducing equine parasite burden, as most parasitic stages reside in pastures, paddocks, and stables rather than in horses. Regular manure removal, stable hygiene, rotational grazing, mowing, and composting at high temperatures (40°C+) effectively reduce contamination and prevent resistance development. These practices are especially vital for foals and young horses, who are more susceptible. Avoiding post-treatment pasture changes and maintaining grass cover help limit reinfection. Pasture rest, drainage, and mixed grazing with ruminants further reduce risk, though effectiveness varies. These measures collectively reduce reliance on anthelmintics.