En España se producen al año solo en el sector avícola 12 millones de deyecciones. Tradicionalmente se empleaban como estiércol, al hacerlo el pH y contenido en nitrógeno elevados de este puede llevar a la contaminación por nitratos. Se estima que del aporte de nitrógeno en forma de estiércol que se le da a un campo hasta el 20% se pierde por volatilización y hasta el 30% por lavado de nitrógeno, esto implica que hasta el 50% del nitrógeno aportado por el estiércol acabará en el medio, estas pérdidas según la estrategia “From farm to fork” de la EU deben reducirse en un 50% antes de 2030. Actualmente en España el 52.74% de la superficie agrícola de las comunidades autónomas ya se encuentra contaminada por nitratos, los cuales en un 92.9% provienen del sector agrario, destacando las comunidades de Cataluña y Galicia por su elevada actividad ganadera. A esto hay que añadirle que no es un material inerte biológicamente por lo que puede ser un foco de infecciones y dispersión de patógenos vegetales y animales. Por todo ello el correcto manejo de las deyecciones es de gran impacto medioambiental y económico.
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AVIENERGY, from waste to resource: Circular economy in the poultry sector through the energy use of defecations
Agricultural run-off and subsurface drainage tiles transport a significant amount of nitrogen and phosphorus leached after fertilization. alchemia-nova GmbH in collaboration with University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna developed two multi-layer vertical filter systems to address the agricultural run-off issue, which has been installed on the slope of an agricultural field in Mistelbach, Austria. While another multi-layer addressing subsurface drainage water is implemented in Gleisdorf, Austria. The goal is to develop a drainage filter system to retain water and nutrients. Both multi-layer filter systems contain biochar and other substrates with adsorption properties of nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus). The filter system can be of practical use if an excess of nutrients being washed out is of concern in the fields of the practitioner by keeping the surrounding waters clean. This approach may result in economic value by re-using the saturated biochar as fertilizer and improving the soil structure, thus increasing long-term soil fertility. Link: https://wateragri.eu/a-bio-inspired-multilayer-drainage-system/
This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under Grant Agreement No 858735This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under Grant Agreement No 858735. FACTSHEET NANOCELLULOSE MEMBRANES FOR NUTRIENT RECOVERY Key information Functionalized nanocellulose membranes can take up nitrate and phosphate. These membranes can be put in a water treatment unit. As the membranes are biobased, degradable materials, they can after use be added to the soil, thus returning the leached nutrients back for their original purpose providing fertilizers (nutrient recycling).
This factsheet explains how bringing a team of farmer, vet, feed and farm advisors together is sharing different sources of knowledge together, making the Multi Actor Farm Health approach an effective approach to improve biosecurity on poultry farms