Potential Interest of Genomic Selection for Genetic Improvement Programs of Sheep and Goats

The GENOVICAP project evaluated the use of genomic selection in small ruminant breeding over three years by modeling three selection programs: meat sheep, dairy sheep, and dairy goats. Using deterministic formulas for genomic prediction accuracy and a medium-sized reference population, the study compared conventional, optimized, and genomic scenarios to assess predicted annual genetic gain. Results indicate that incorporating genomic data alongside optimized program structures—such as multi-stage selection based on pedigree, own performance, and progeny records—can increase selection accuracy and accelerate genetic improvement, despite challenges like limited reference numbers and genotyping costs.