‘Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum’ (Lso) has been found in several important cultivated plants belonging to families Solanaceae (potato, tomato, sweet pepper and tobacco) in America and New Zealand and Apiaceae (carrot, celery, parsley and parsnip) in Europe. Phylogenetic analysis using the combination of the 16S rRNA, 16S-23S rRNA intergenic spacer region (ISR) and 50S ribosomal protein gene sequences, revealed that the Lso bacteria found in different geographic regions were diverse and could be assigned to five separate clades: haplotype A, B, C, D or E (Nelson et al., 2011; Teresani et al., 2014). Lso haplotypes A and B, associated with Zebra chip disease of potatoes (Secor et al., 2009) and transmitted by the psyllid Bactericera cockerelli, do not occur in Europe. Whereas, Lso haplotype C (LsoC) is associated with carrot yellowing disease in Northern Europe, where it is transmitted by the carrot psyllid, Trioza apicalis, causing severe yield losses in carrot due to the concomitant effects of the bacterial infections and psyllid feeding injuries (Munyaneza et al., 2010; Munyaneza et al., 2011; Nissinen et al., 2014). LsoC has also been reported to infect carrots in Sweden, Norway and Germany (Munyaneza et al., 2010, Munyaneza et al., 2012a; Munyaneza et al., 2012b). In Southern Europe, Lso haplotypes D and E (LsoD and LsoE, respectively) have been reported to infect carrot, celery, parsnip and parsley and are transmitted by the psyllid Bactericera trigonica (Alfaro-Fernandez et al., 2012; Nelson et al., 2013; Teresani et al., 2014; Alfaro-Fernandez et al., 2017; Antolinez et al., 2017). Although Lso has been detected in France the characterization of haplotypes and their distribution still remain to be established. Thus the main objective of this study, developed in the framework of task 3b of the project, was to improve the knowledge about the distribution of Lso haplotypes in Europe.
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Agricultural run-off and subsurface drainage tiles transport a significant amount of nitrogen and phosphorus leached after fertilization. alchemia-nova GmbH in collaboration with University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna developed two multi-layer vertical filter systems to address the agricultural run-off issue, which has been installed on the slope of an agricultural field in Mistelbach, Austria. While another multi-layer addressing subsurface drainage water is implemented in Gleisdorf, Austria. The goal is to develop a drainage filter system to retain water and nutrients. Both multi-layer filter systems contain biochar and other substrates with adsorption properties of nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus). The filter system can be of practical use if an excess of nutrients being washed out is of concern in the fields of the practitioner by keeping the surrounding waters clean. This approach may result in economic value by re-using the saturated biochar as fertilizer and improving the soil structure, thus increasing long-term soil fertility. Link: https://wateragri.eu/a-bio-inspired-multilayer-drainage-system/
This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under Grant Agreement No 858735This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under Grant Agreement No 858735. FACTSHEET NANOCELLULOSE MEMBRANES FOR NUTRIENT RECOVERY Key information Functionalized nanocellulose membranes can take up nitrate and phosphate. These membranes can be put in a water treatment unit. As the membranes are biobased, degradable materials, they can after use be added to the soil, thus returning the leached nutrients back for their original purpose providing fertilizers (nutrient recycling).
Because variables such as temperature and humidity have a profound effect on the activity of crop pests, diseases and natural enemies, the ability to monitor environmental conditions within a crop has always been important for crop protection.