El uso de estiércol y purines y su valorización como sustrato en la producción de biofertilizantes es, tanto ambiental como económicamente interesante, debido a su composición rica en materia orgánica y también en nitrógeno, fosforo y potasio, entre otros nutrientes. Además, la reutilización de estos subproductos revalorizados es una práctica ideal para gestionar el excedente de deyecciones, incrementar la calidad de los suelos agrarios y potenciar la bioeconomía circular. Por otro lado, está previsto que las necesidades de fertilización de cultivos ecológicos se incrementen considerablemente durante los próximos años ya que uno de los retos del Pacto Verde Europeo es disponer de un 25% de la superficie agraria de Europa dedicada a la agricultura ecológica el año 2030. La problemática nace cuando determinadas deyecciones ganaderas de cría intensiva, que se generan en exceso, no se adaptan como materias primeras para la producción de fertilizantes aptos para el cultivo ecológico debido, muy probablemente, a la posibilidad que contengan fármacos (principalmente antibióticos) y genes de resistencia a antibióticos.
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Agricultural run-off and subsurface drainage tiles transport a significant amount of nitrogen and phosphorus leached after fertilization. alchemia-nova GmbH in collaboration with University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna developed two multi-layer vertical filter systems to address the agricultural run-off issue, which has been installed on the slope of an agricultural field in Mistelbach, Austria. While another multi-layer addressing subsurface drainage water is implemented in Gleisdorf, Austria. The goal is to develop a drainage filter system to retain water and nutrients. Both multi-layer filter systems contain biochar and other substrates with adsorption properties of nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus). The filter system can be of practical use if an excess of nutrients being washed out is of concern in the fields of the practitioner by keeping the surrounding waters clean. This approach may result in economic value by re-using the saturated biochar as fertilizer and improving the soil structure, thus increasing long-term soil fertility. Link: https://wateragri.eu/a-bio-inspired-multilayer-drainage-system/
This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under Grant Agreement No 858735This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under Grant Agreement No 858735. FACTSHEET NANOCELLULOSE MEMBRANES FOR NUTRIENT RECOVERY Key information Functionalized nanocellulose membranes can take up nitrate and phosphate. These membranes can be put in a water treatment unit. As the membranes are biobased, degradable materials, they can after use be added to the soil, thus returning the leached nutrients back for their original purpose providing fertilizers (nutrient recycling).
Because variables such as temperature and humidity have a profound effect on the activity of crop pests, diseases and natural enemies, the ability to monitor environmental conditions within a crop has always been important for crop protection.