How to manage European canker in organic orchards

European canker, caused by Neonectria ditissima, affects organic orchards in north-western Europe, including the Netherlands, Belgium, northern Germany, Denmark, and Scandinavia. It causes cankers, dieback, reduced fruiting wood, increased pruning, and fruit rot. Management requires integrated strategies: using resistant cultivars, sourcing healthy nursery stock, maintaining soil health, avoiding waterlogged soils, and minimizing mechanical wounds. Pruning is essential in autumn/winter, pre-flowering, and post-flowering until end-June. Direct interventions include wound sealers in autumn, copper sprays (where permitted), and lime water via spraying or irrigation. The approach improves tree health, yield, and fruit quality. Resources available via Biofruitnet and Organic Farm Knowledge.