Status quo of disease-resistant grapevine varieties (DRV): Insights from expert panels in six European countries.

Disease-resistant grapevine varieties (DRV/PIWI) are considered key innovations for more sustainable viticulture. However, their broader adoption is hindered by legal, economic, and societal barriers. This study aimed to identify key constraints and opportunities for the integration of DRV by consulting interdisciplinary expert groups in six European countries, with particular focus on national differences in regulation, market structures, and stakeholder acceptance.

The combined findings from 74 expert survey responses and in-depth panel discussions reveal a mixed picture: While political uncertainty, restrictive wine classification rules, and low consumer awareness limit DRV uptake, growing demand for sustainable products, pioneering businesses, and new consumer segments offer clear potential. The panels emphasized the need for regional trial sites, country-specific strategies, and clear communication efforts. Cultural context and integration into existing value chains were identified as crucial factors for acceptance and market relevance.

DRV can reduce pesticide use and enhance climate resilience, offering clear economic benefits to growers. Yet integration into practice requires improved legal frameworks— especially regarding variety registration and wine classification—as well as targeted education along the entire value chain. The panel findings stress the importance of applied research infrastructures, collaborative communication formats, and tailored marketing strategies. A coordinated approach combining regulatory flexibility, financial incentives, and public awareness is recommended to unlock the innovation potential of DRVs in European viticulture.

Key obstacles include legal uncertainties, limited recognition in wine classification systems, and low consumer awareness. Facilitating factors are growing demand for sustainability, promising pilot initiatives, and positive experiences in innovative regions. To foster broader adoption of DRV, future actions should focus on regulatory reform, cross-national knowledge exchange, regional experimentation, and strategic marketing. Messages to practitioners: Early investment in DRV can improve farm resilience and reduce input costs. Engaging with research networks and demonstration sites can ease the transition and open up new market opportunities.