Crop Farming and Economics: A Comprehensive Analysis

Functional traits were fundamental components in hybrid breeding programs for mother lines. Therefore, they were included in the existing breeding program, performance testing, and breeding value estimation. Special focus was placed on reproductive performance, health, and behavioral traits. The breeding animals fulfilled the criteria for social acceptance concerning animal care and welfare. Consequently, they formed the basis of successful and sustainable pork marketing programs and enhanced the economic efficiency and competitive ability of local pork producers.