Assessing prevention methods for pine pitch canker and best practices for plant nurseries

This project evaluates prevention methods for pine pitch canker caused by Fusarium circinatum, focusing on seed, container, and irrigation water disinfection. Effective techniques include 60°C heat treatment, 20% hydrogen peroxide, and ethanol or Captana solutions for seeds; 20% hydrogen peroxide for containers; and water treatment with hydrogen peroxide or other agents. Field-tested methods ensure pathogen elimination while maintaining germination and growth. A manual of best practices is developed for nursery use.