Vitiforestry for climate resilience in Mediterranean vineyards

Integrating grapevines with trees and shrubs enhances resilience in Mediterranean vineyards by improving microclimate regulation, soil health, and biodiversity. This agroforestry approach reduces erosion, increases water retention, and supports natural pest control. It contributes to climate mitigation through carbon sequestration and fire breaks, while enabling economic diversification via tree products. The practice reduces irrigation needs and strengthens regional identity through sustainable farming. Historical roots trace to the 14th-century Tacuin sanctorum, and EU initiatives support its expansion. Research continues on optimal tree species for pest control and water efficiency. Knowledge-sharing and capacity building are key to scaling vitiforestry across more than half of Mediterranean vineyards.