What policy approaches and levers can be used to improve the capacity of European permanent grasslands to deliver a range of ecosystem services?

To identify, map, and understand the effectiveness of key policies governing Permanent Grassland(PG) management across five European biogeographic regions. This policy brief outlines the intervention logics ofthese policies (i.e. the targets of policy instruments and intended outcomes) using the Cascade Framework and theireffectiveness from the perspective of key stakeholders across Europe.