Wireless sensor networks for greenhouse crop environmental monitoring

Environmental monitoring in greenhouse crops using wireless sensors enables real-time, multi-location tracking of temperature, humidity, VPD, and leaf temperature. This data supports precision pest and disease management by triggering alerts, visualizing microclimate variations via heatmaps, and informing biopesticide and nutrient application. The SmartProtect project (Horizon 2020 grant No. 862563) demonstrates the ZENSIE wireless IoT platform in a 5-ha tomato greenhouse, integrating sensor data with biological models for improved decision-making. Challenges include cost, optimal sensor deployment, and data integration. Long-term goals include semi-autonomous systems with AI-driven recommendations and robotic sprayers, advancing sustainable horticulture through precision agriculture.