Factsheet DSS Downy mildew in grapes
Downy mildew results in severe loss in grapevines. Downy mildew is highly destructive in all grape-growing areas of the world. The symptoms, caused by the fungus Plasmopara viticola, firstly appear on the grape leaves 7-10 days after infection. Foliar symptoms appear as yellow circular spots with an oily appearance (oil spots). In order to control the pathogen, approved pesticides are used. The downy mildew model estimates infection from an organism’s using cardinal temperatures (Tmin, Topt, Tmax) and leaf surface wetness duration requirements for infection (Wmin, Wmax). The parameter Wmax provides an upper boundary on the value of W since temperature is not always a limiting factor. The model is based upon a temperature response function which is scaled to the leaf wetness duration requirement. Hours of interruption to wetness are also important for estimation of infection from hourly weather data so this is also used as an input. The output of the model is normalized from 0-100, with 0 being the lowest risk index and 100 the highest. As mentioned, the model uses Tmin (°C), Tmax (°C), Topt (°C), Leaf Wetness min (hr) and Leaf Wetness max (hr) which are all recorded by the local weather stations. The DSS is created in Greece and part of the integrated “Gaiasense” smart-farming solution. The prediction model is developed based on literature reviews and adaptations through experiments and observation on local conditions. This means that the model is not yet validated in other countries and results should be treated with caution.
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