Los purines se caracterizan por una elevada cantidad de agua y un contenido de nutrientes (N, P y K) que limita su aplicación agrícola en función de la capacidad de absorción de estos nutrientes por parte de los cultivos. Algunos sistemas de tratamiento actuales permiten reducir este excedente de nutrientes (sobre todo N) y obtener efluentes con un contenido de nutrientes ajustado a las necesidades de cada explotación. Sin embargo, para optimizar la aplicación de estos efluentes al suelo, hay que ampliar el know-how de su caracterización y su gestión agronómica, desde diferentes perspectivas: [1] ajuste sostenible del contenido de nutrientes (principalmente N) de los efluentes a las necesidades de los cultivos y a la base agraria (características químicas del suelo y tipología de cultivo); [2] evaluación del efecto de las aplicaciones de efluentes en la producción de diferentes cultivos y de su calidad, y [3] evaluación del efecto de las aplicaciones de los efluentes al suelo, a medio y largo plazo. Para conseguir esta experiencia y conocimiento, es clave una gestión colaborativa entre el ganadero productor del purín, el agricultor que requiere el fertilizante para los cultivos extensivos y los centros de investigación.
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Agricultural run-off and subsurface drainage tiles transport a significant amount of nitrogen and phosphorus leached after fertilization. alchemia-nova GmbH in collaboration with University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna developed two multi-layer vertical filter systems to address the agricultural run-off issue, which has been installed on the slope of an agricultural field in Mistelbach, Austria. While another multi-layer addressing subsurface drainage water is implemented in Gleisdorf, Austria. The goal is to develop a drainage filter system to retain water and nutrients. Both multi-layer filter systems contain biochar and other substrates with adsorption properties of nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus). The filter system can be of practical use if an excess of nutrients being washed out is of concern in the fields of the practitioner by keeping the surrounding waters clean. This approach may result in economic value by re-using the saturated biochar as fertilizer and improving the soil structure, thus increasing long-term soil fertility. Link: https://wateragri.eu/a-bio-inspired-multilayer-drainage-system/
This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under Grant Agreement No 858735This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under Grant Agreement No 858735. FACTSHEET NANOCELLULOSE MEMBRANES FOR NUTRIENT RECOVERY Key information Functionalized nanocellulose membranes can take up nitrate and phosphate. These membranes can be put in a water treatment unit. As the membranes are biobased, degradable materials, they can after use be added to the soil, thus returning the leached nutrients back for their original purpose providing fertilizers (nutrient recycling).
Because variables such as temperature and humidity have a profound effect on the activity of crop pests, diseases and natural enemies, the ability to monitor environmental conditions within a crop has always been important for crop protection.