Practical Application of Trichoderma for Vine Pruning Wound Protection

Trichoderma species, including Trichoderma atroviride SC1, Trichoderma asperellum ICC012, and Trichoderma gamsii ICC080, are effective biocontrol agents for preventing Grapevine Trunk Disease (GTD) pathogens like Phaeoacremonium minimum and Phaeomoniella chlamydospora in pruning wounds. These fungi colonize wounds within 1–2 cm, outcompete pathogens through nutrient and space competition, and exhibit mycoparasitism and antibiosis, especially at low temperatures (5–15 °C). Trichoderma atroviride SC1 shows high colonization and enzyme production (chitinases, proteases, cellulases), enhancing its antagonistic activity. Efficacy depends on vine physiology and post-pruning weather conditions, with peak infection risk 2–8 weeks after pruning. Experimental trials are recommended to confirm performance across diverse conditions. The project was funded by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 programme (grant No 652601).