Virtual fencing for grazing livestock

Virtual fencing uses GPS and smartphone technology to manage livestock without physical fences, enabling remote control of grazing areas. Tested across Europe by the SUPER-G research group, the system requires proper collar fitting, animal training, and reliable mobile coverage, with Bluetooth as backup. GPS drift due to terrain and weather affects accuracy, so farmers should verify fence placement and maintain buffer zones near water or shade. Collars use solar-rechargeable batteries, with lifespan influenced by GPS use and environmental conditions. The technology complements but does not replace physical health checks and is unsuitable for high-risk zones like roads. It is not proven effective for aggressive males, requiring standard safety measures. Costs vary by purchase or subscription model, with UK grants and EU funding available. Designed to minimize animal discomfort, the system highlights network reliability and GPS precision as key challenges.