Potato late blight, caused by the fungus-like organism. Phytophthora infestans causes severe damage to the foliage and can infect the tubers at harvest. The DSS is designed to guide the timing of the first late blight fungicide application, when used in combination with other agronomic risk factors. The DSS uses weather data to estimate the ‘epidemic free’ period (‘negative prognosis’) by calculating the accumulated blight risk from the date of crop emergence. The model guides the first spray timing at the end of the ‘epidemic free’ period. Other agronomic factors than weather, such as time of row closure, cultivar susceptibility, the presence or absence of blight inoculum sources, are not included in the risk estimate. It is not applicable to potatoes grown under protection. From the date of crop emergence, daily risk values are accumulated based on weather data (temperature, relative humidity and precipitation). The risk is an accumulated value of how the weather affects late blight germination/infection, sporulation and growth. All processes are corrected for inhibition due to drying. After the accumulated risk has reached certain thresholds, there is likely to be moderate or high blight risk. The DSS was first introduced by Schrodter and Ullrich in Germany in the 1970s and has been widely used in Europe since. After the original paper by Ullrich, J. & Schrödter, H. (1966), the negative prognosis model was tested in other countries (e.g. b y Taylor M. C. 2003 in the UK) and was commonly combined with other models to guide subsequent fungicide applications. Combined models, such as NegFry, have been tested in many countries, e.g. b y Hansen J. G. et al., 1995 in Denmark.
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Agricultural run-off and subsurface drainage tiles transport a significant amount of nitrogen and phosphorus leached after fertilization. alchemia-nova GmbH in collaboration with University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna developed two multi-layer vertical filter systems to address the agricultural run-off issue, which has been installed on the slope of an agricultural field in Mistelbach, Austria. While another multi-layer addressing subsurface drainage water is implemented in Gleisdorf, Austria. The goal is to develop a drainage filter system to retain water and nutrients. Both multi-layer filter systems contain biochar and other substrates with adsorption properties of nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus). The filter system can be of practical use if an excess of nutrients being washed out is of concern in the fields of the practitioner by keeping the surrounding waters clean. This approach may result in economic value by re-using the saturated biochar as fertilizer and improving the soil structure, thus increasing long-term soil fertility. Link: https://wateragri.eu/a-bio-inspired-multilayer-drainage-system/
This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under Grant Agreement No 858735This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under Grant Agreement No 858735. FACTSHEET NANOCELLULOSE MEMBRANES FOR NUTRIENT RECOVERY Key information Functionalized nanocellulose membranes can take up nitrate and phosphate. These membranes can be put in a water treatment unit. As the membranes are biobased, degradable materials, they can after use be added to the soil, thus returning the leached nutrients back for their original purpose providing fertilizers (nutrient recycling).
Because variables such as temperature and humidity have a profound effect on the activity of crop pests, diseases and natural enemies, the ability to monitor environmental conditions within a crop has always been important for crop protection.